Removal proceedings are legal processes in which the U.S. government tries to deport (remove) a person from the country.

Who Is Placed in Removal Proceedings?

  • People who enter the U.S. without permission
  • Visa holders who overstay or violate terms of their stay
  • Green card holders with certain criminal convictions
  • Asylum seekers whose claims are denied or referred to court

The process starts when someone receives a Notice to Appear (NTA) in immigration court.

What Happens in Immigration Court?

  1. Master Calendar Hearing (MCH): A short, first hearing where the judge confirms basic facts and sets deadlines.
  2. Merits Hearing: A full hearing where the person and their attorney (if they have one) present evidence and arguments. A government lawyer also presents a case for removal.
  3. Judge’s Decision: The judge decides whether the person will be removed or allowed to stay under a legal defense (like asylum or cancellation of removal).

Rights During Proceedings

  • You have the right to an attorney, but at your own expense.
  • You can present evidence and call witnesses.
  • You can appeal the decision to the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA).

Additional Resources

This page is for informational purposes only and does not offer legal advice.

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